September 2002 NEWS

Edited by Trish Whelan

Irish in force at Paris show

27 September 2002: PARIS MOTOR SHOW. There's a strong contingent of Irish motor people at this year's Paris Motor Show. Apart from those mentioned in yesterday's stories - Ford's Eddie Murphy, Daewoo's Tom McQueirns, Honda's Frank Kennedy - we also met up with quite a few others since.

Citroen shows a 'plurielity' of cars

27 September 2002: PARIS MOTOR SHOW. While the Citroen Pluriel (above) was the star of the the brand's stand at the show yesterday, there was also a lot of attention to be paid to the various versions of the C8 large MPV, which would push a strong wedge into the market of that particular segment.

Peugeot confident for New Zealand

27 September 2002: Following its world crowns in 2000 and 2001, Peugeot Sport is this year enjoying another tremendous run and the Sanremo Rally, eleventh of the 2002 calendar's fourteen rounds, provided the team with its seventh WRC one-two finish of the season. This result gives it a 45-point lead over Ford in the manufacturers' championship while its drivers are also flying the flag high in the Drivers' series.

McRae moves to Citroen

27 September 2002: Guy Fréquelin, Head of Citroën Sport has asked Colin McRae to join the Citroën team for the 14 rallies of the 2003 World Rally Championship.

Ford reveals Streetka, shape of Focus MPV at Paris

26 September 2002: PARIS MOTOR SHOW. A number of Ford products to be introduced to Ireland in the next 12 months will strongy enhance the image and sales of the brand, MD of Ford Ireland Eddie Murphy said at the Paris Motor Show today.

New Accord will go upmarket for Honda

26 September 2002: PARIS MOTOR SHOW. The arrival of Honda's new Accord to Ireland in the spring of next year will mean a 'big move upwards' for the model.

Daewoo promises a busy year for Irish launches

26 September 2002: PARIS MOTOR SHOW. Daewoo Ireland is going to have a very busy year ahead of them with the arrival of no less than four new cars planned which will freshen the brand enormously and make the newly-revitalised company a much more serious contender in the market.

Preview of Paris in the fall

25 September 2002: Though French carmakers are naturally the headliners at the biennial Paris Motor Show, it is also a magnet for practically every other maker to show off their latest stuff. IrishCar.Com will be reporting directly from the press days between now and the weekend.

Nissan wins a spider

25 September 2002: Nissan Ireland’s website has won the Golden Spider Award for Marketing Excellence.

Safety campaign for October holiday

25 September 2002: A road safety promotion for the October Bank Holiday weekend will try to involve companies throughout Ireland, asking them to highlight a ‘Vulnerable Road Users’ message to their staff.

Light traffic increases accident risk

25 September 2002: Traffic accidents are more frequent on motorways when traffic flows are lighter, under 400 vehicles per hour, according to research carried out on French autoroutes over a two-year period. They also tend to be more severe.

Audi may bring next A3 to US

25 September 2002: Audi may bring the next-generation A3 to the US as an entry-level car, according to company CEO Martin Winterkorn.

New Saab 9-3 targets 'youthful professionals'

24 September 2002: The new Saab 9-3 Sport Saloon will have all the qualities needed to successfully compete with any other car in the compact premium saloon segment, according to Saab Ireland’s Doug McCoy, at yesterday’s press launch in the Merriott Hotel, Druid’s Glen, Co Wicklow.

Ford drives out 5 millionth Explorer

24 September 2002: The five-millionth Ford Explorer produced has rolled off the assembly line in the US - driven by Ford Motor Company Chief Operating Officer and President Nick Scheele (above).

Fiat wins diesel technology award

24 September 2002: Fiat has just been awarded the prestigious Economist Innovation Award, (Energy and Environment category), for its ground-breaking work in developing the Common Rail diesel technology that is now used by every major European car maker, and which has revolutionised diesel engines, enabling them to set new standards for economy, performance and low emissions.

Shock survey shows children at high road risk

24 September 2002: Shocking survey results, released at the start of Road Safety Week in Britain, reveal that children who are most likely to be killed on roads (11-14 year olds) are taking enormous risks, such as crossing roads when texting on a mobile.

Monaghan school doubles up environment awards

24 September 2002: Our Lady’s Secondary School, Monaghan is the winner of the 2002 Volvo Practical Environmental Projects for Schools (PEPS) Awards. An exciting trip to Sweden for the winning team is the major part of their prize.

Kia sets up SUV concept for Paris

23 September 2002: Kia will unveil its latest concept car at the Paris Motor Show this week, showcasing the direction that Kia is heading in terms of styling and technology.

Limerick man makes rally maiden

23 September 2002: Colm Murphy from Athea, Co. Limerick scored his maiden victory on the third round of Irelands premier one make rally championship, the 2002 Ford Ireland Focus Rally Championship, at the Clare Stages Rally.

Peugeot does double podium in Sanremo

23 September 2002: Peugeot 206 WRCs have claimed first and second places on the 11th round of the FIA World Rally Championship, the Sanremo Rally in northern Italy. Gilles Panizzi and his navigator, brother Herve, secured their third successive win on the asphalt event, while Marcus Grönholm and Timo Rautiainen extended their lead in the world championship by finishing second. Another 206 WRC crew, Richard Burns and Robert Reid, secured fourth.

Irish Ferries target goldies, winelovers

23 September 2002: Irish Ferries are wooing the over-55s with across-the-board reductions on motorist fares, holidays and travel insurance.

Audi S4 Quattro roars into show

23 September 2002: The latest generation of the Audi S4 Quattro will be high on the list of Audi performance fans at thios week’s Paris Motor Show.

Wacky-looking Honda goes into production

23 September 2002: If you're of the impression that Honda merely make dull-looking but good cars, then take a look at this one, not for Europe but aimed at Yankland, and showing that the company can turn a concept into a roadgoer in short order. The Element will drive into new territory with a multi-functional cargo area, innovative and versatile seating, durable interior, and energetic performance when it goes on sale in December.

AA to phase out roadside phones in Britain

23 September 2002: The AA is to phase out most of its 522 roadside phones in the UK because of lack of use. Only a handful of calls - less than 6,000 a year out of nearly 5,500,000 - are made from roadside phones, with most people today favouring a mobile phone.

Nissan gives Almera the Primera treatment

20 September 2002: Nissan’s Almera for model year 2003 has been given the new Primera treatment with revised front and rear detailing, including major surgery to the bumpers. New headlights and tailights design also freshen up the model.

Euro court ruling on VRT will not affect Ireland yet

20 September 2002: The European Court’s decision that elements of VRT taxation imposed on cars in Europe are ‘illegal’ is not likely to have any immediate effects in Ireland, according to Cyril McHugh of the Society of the Irish Motor Industry. But he said it does flag that the system may eventually be on the way out.

Alfa 147 GTA will be marque's pride of place

20 September 2002: The Alfa Romeo 147 GTA which will arrive in Ireland next year will be the pride of place on the Alfa stand at next week’s Paris Motor Show.

Get out that sponge and scrub!

20 September 2002: Is your numberplate readable? If it isn’t, you’re breaking the law. And with winter fast approaching you could be putting your own life and the lives of others at risk if you don’t get out often enough with the sponge and bucket.

Chrysler to show 'hotel on wheels' Cruiser

20 September 2002: As we revealed to you during the summer, Chrysler is launching a new version of its PT Cruiser, the retro looks of which captured the American imagination. And the California Cruiser concept will show just what is the next evolution of the car in which many of us can imagine we’re Al Capone or his G-Men opposition on the ‘good guys’ side.

MINI PDA organises your in-car life

20 September 2002: If you’re the kind of person who just can’t do without your personal digital assistant, then the makers of the new MINI have good news for you. From next year, you’ll be able to park a special PDA, the iPAQ, right in front of your eyes in your car which will provide information on navigation, traffic news, text messages, e-mail, an address book, news, entertainment information, and links to the emergency services.

Check your lambda and save fuel

20 September 2002: If your car has done over 18,000 miles, it could be costing you as much as 15 percent extra fuel consumption unnecessarily.

206 unseats Golf from top perch

19 September 2002: Europe’s most popular car is now the Peugeot 206, and the French car has knocked the VW Golf from the top spot.

Drivers ignore suspensions

19 September 2002: Up to 75 percent of people whose driving licence is suspended in the US for driving while impaired (DWI) are likely to drive with no licence, according to a US study.

Training drivers saves fuel

18 September 2002: Up to 20 percent savings can be made in fuel costs with driver training, and companies which run large fleets of vehicles can make significant savings in their transport overheads by sponsoring their drivers to take such training.

Juliet scoops rallyXS Pirelli Girl award

18 September 2002: Beating thousands of entrants, Juliet Ward (21), the gorgeous rally fanatic from Cork, has been voted the winner of the first ever rallyXS Pirelli Girl competition - organised by Pirelli for rallyXS magazine.

Fiat small diesel on the way

18 September 2002: Fiat will be launching its new 1.3-litre JTD turbodiesel in 2003, playing its own part in a definite trend making towards small-capacity oil-burning engines acceptable to buyers.

Honda Civic hybrid on view next week

19 September 2002: The first European view of the new Honda Civic hybrid car will take place at Paris next week, and will show a car that simply doesn’t look like anything else than the Civic it is.

More details on Z4 released

19 September 2002: BMW’s new Z4 sports car will be launched in Europe with a brace of 2.5- and 3-litre engines, outputting 192bhp and 231bhp. Their acceleration potential is 7sec and 5.9sec respectively.

Saab 9-3 soft-top is enhanced

19 September 2002: Despite the rain in this part of the world, the UK and Germany are Europe’s biggest convertible markets. And the 2003 Saab 9-3 Convertible has been upgraded to make sure the car retains its key place in that market.

More information on VW Touran

18 September 2002: Volkswagen’s first compact MPV, the Touran, will be available in three equipment and trim versions early next year, with a choice of three FSI and TDI engines with power output in the range 100-136 bhp all with standard six-speed gearbox.

Audi Ireland confirms January A8 launch

18 September 2002: Audi Ireland have confirmed today - as first reported on IrishCar.Com in early July - that the next generation Audi A8 will be launched in Ireland in January.

Diesel-powered Speedster showcases new engine

18 September 2002: An Opel Speedster powered by a diesel engine seems to be a contradiction in terms, but that’s just what people attending the Paris Motor Show next week will see in a place of pride on the Opel stand.

Peugeot fire engine has fuel cell style

18 September 2002: You’ve not seen a fire engine like this before, but this concept Peugeot - the H20 - uses fuel cell technology for its power, and can be used for reconnaissance and early response in areas within towns and cities which are difficult for large vehicles to access.

School students hear graphic accident stories

18 September 2002: Some 2,000 Transition Year students atttended a hard-hitting road safety ‘roadshow’ in the National Concert Hall in Dublin yesterday. The event was first held in Northern Ireland and was brought to Dublin with the support of the National safety Council and AXA Insurance.

Delayed Kalos soon to arrive

18 September 2002: After being delayed because of the recent GM takeover of Daewoo, the arrival of the Kalos supermini on European markets before the end of this year has now been confirmed.

Dagg takes second Ford of Ireland title

17 September 2002: Drogheda's Paul Dagg recorded his second Ford of Ireland Formula Ford title - last won in 1999 - at Mondello Park last Saturday with a fine performance, which netted him his third win of the season. In the 10th and final round on Sunday, Glanmire's Alan Dwyer took his fifth victory of the year to finish runner-up in the series.

Whelan claims final win in Dunlop RT2000

17 September 2002: Once again the Dunlop RT2000 Championship race at Mondello Park turned out to be one of the highlights of last weekend, the final championship round of the year being run over 18 fast and furious laps with former champion, Johnny Whelan (Naas) claiming the final honours of the year to consolidate second in the series.

Peugeot ups the power ante with new GTi

17 September 2002: Peugeot’s latest 206 GTi with a 180bhp engine will be premiered at the Paris Motor Show and has been inspired by the success of the 206 WRC which is dominating this year’s Championship series, and which has secured the manufacturers’ title for Peugeot for the last two seasons.

Honda Jazz achieves 112mpg in charity economy run

17 September 2002: An amazing 112.71mpg was achieved in a special charity economy run in Honda Jazz cars yesterday by a duo of Irish motoring journalists - Brian and Mary Foley. The IrishCar.Com team of Brian Byrne and Trish Whelan achieved 72.2mpg, coming in third behind Karl Tsigdinos and Honda Ireland's Chris Dobson with their 104.91. The official combined consumption of the Jazz is 49.6mpg.

Micra to take Paris pride of place

17 September 2002: Well, we showed you the first hints from last year’s Frankfurt Motor Show, and now the European version of the new Nissan Micra is to be officially launched at next week’s Paris Show. But alongside the bread-and-butter new contender in the Fiesta/Corsa class will be a sweet C+C derivative concept aimed at the niche garnered by the Peugeot 206cc coupe-cabriolet.

Audi to launch fastest-ever saloon

17 September 2002: Audi is to launch the world’s most rapid production saloon as well as a unique estate model this month - the Audi RS 6 quattro and RS 6 Avant quattro, powered by 450bhp 2.7-litre, twin-turbocharged V6 engines, a six-speed manual gearbox, and the company’s quattro permanent four-wheel-drive system.

More old drivers can mean more accidents

17 September 2002: The age profile of drivers in the developed world is getting older, and a California task force has issued a set of recommendations about how to deal with increased accident risks because of this.

Stilo wagon for Ireland in early 2003

16 September 2002: Fiat's new Stilo wagon will be available in Ireland in the early part of next year, according to Fiat Auto Ireland. The vehicle's pre-production cars are currently under final testing (above).

New Jag XJ to be unveiled at Paris

16 September 2002: Jaguar will officially launch its latest XJ at the upcoming Paris Motor Show, 34 years to the day after the launch of the original XJ6. The car will go on sale in Ireland sometime in the spring.

Beetle opentop for Ireland in spring

13 September 2002: The new Beetle Cabrio 4-seater will go on sale in Ireland next April. The car will make its international debut at next January’s Detroit Motor Show and will arrive on European markets in the first quarter of 2003.

Ford boss welcomes EU call on VRT cuts, but ...

13 September 2002: The European Commission’s call this week for the phasing out of car registration taxes has been welcomed by the boss of Ford in Ireland, Eddie Murphy. But he is gloomy about the chance of a quick change to the inequitable situation in this country.

Ford launches Fusion in Ireland

12 September 2002: Ford has launched its new ‘urban activity vehicle’, the Fiesta-based Fusion, on the Irish market at a starting price of E16,675.

ADHD sufferers more likely to be in crashes

12 September 2002: Young adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more likely than others in the same age group to be involved in traffic violations and crashes, according to research at the University of Massachussetts, led by Russell Berkley at the university's medical school.

Legends oval racers in Tipperary

11 September 2002: The US-born Legends oval racers make their début at Tipperary Raceway next weekend, Saturday and Sunday, September 14/15, bringing a truly international motor racing flavour to the Rosegreen oval, and headed by Hinckley's Des Chandler, the current British Champion.

Dohertys claim third on Ulster rally

11 September 2002: Donegal brothers, Daniel and Michael Doherty (Carndonagh), claimed as exhilarating third place overall behind Tarmac Champion, Andrew Nesbitt and top Pirelli British series runner, Jonny Milner, on last weekend's Stena Line Ulster Rally to take their highest placing in an international event.

Skoda adds 1.2-litre to range

11 September 2002: Skoda has extended their Fabia range with the introduction of a 55bhp 3-cylinder 1.2 litre HTP petrol engine. This brings the range into line with its sister-car VW Polo.

Citroen 'dream' concept for Paris Show

11 September 2002: A 2+2 coupe concept that combines stunning sports styling with a light, bright and spacious interior will be a highlight on the Citroen stand at the upcoming Paris Motor Show.

Vivaro and Trafic scoop top van award

11 September 2002: Current Semperit Irish Van of the Year and International Van of the Year, Opel's Vivaro and the Renault Trafic have been triple-honoured scooping the 'Best Overall Van' title in the annual Irish Van & Truck Magazine awards. Doing doubly well, Peugeot and Mitsubishi picked up two gongs apiece while commercial kingpins, Ford garnered the largest harvest of titles with three golds, two for the ubiquitous Transit and one for the Ford Focus newcomer.

US Focus gets 5-year powertrain warranty

11 September 2002: Ford in the US has upped its drivetrain warranty on its Focus from 3-year/36,000 miles to 5-year/100,000 miles in a bid to counter a public perception that the car has build and reliability problems.

Hyundai to compensate for overstated power

10 September 2002: Hyundai is to compensate some 400,000 owners of its cars in the US after revelations that it had misstated the horsepower ratings on 1.3 million cars and trucks sold in North America over the last 10 years.

O'Reilly scores maiden victory in Ford rally

10 September 2002: Cathal O'Reilly from Cavan has won the second round of the 2002 Ford Ireland Focus Rally Championship, the Ulster Rally based in Belfast.

New Accord is most aerodynamic in class

10 September 2002: Full details of the next-generation Honda Accord for Europe have been released and among the car’s attributes is a very high aerodynamic efficiency of 0.26 Cd.

New turbo Rover 75

9 September 2002: A new turbo-charged 1.8 litre engine is to be introduced to the Rover 75 range this month. The K Series engine coupled with Garrett's GT20 turbocharger delivers 0 to 60mph in 9.1 seconds, while the efficiency and gearing of the 1.8 Turbo allows an official 35.3mpg.

Castrol Magnatec now available in service centres

9 September 2002: Castrol has reformulated its synthetic based GTX Magnatec engine oil to deliver better protection qualities as soon as the engine is started. The formulation makes new GTX Magnatec up to four times more effective at wear protection than ordinary oils.

Britain from end to end on half a tank

9 September 2002: A driving instructor from Gloucester in the UK, John Gough, has driven from Land's End to John o'Groats with less than a tank full of diesel. He performed the feat in a Toyota Yaris D4D, already the company's most fuel efficient vehicle with a consumption of 4.2 l/100km in the combined cycle. His achievement equated to less than 2.4 l/100km or 117mpg.

Communications increasing crashes?

9 September 2002: The great US automobile nirvana is getting commute-boring, and it seems the motorists there are increasing the distractions they carry in their cars.

MIJAG suggests insurance boycott

9 September 2002: The fastest way to deal with the problem of high motor insurance premiums in Ireland would be to get large numbers of people to refuse to pay them, the motor insurance justice action group (MIJAG) says.

Telematics helps quash fines - UK

9 September 2002: A number of UK motorists have been able to have fines quashed by sending reports from their cars’ telematics systems to court. And the matter has also raised a question over the accuracy of speed cameras.

Focus, Accord, Yaris are 'Which?' best buys

7 September 2002: The Ford Focus, Honda Accord and Toyota Yaris have been named as 'Best Buys' in the latest survey by the UK-based consumer magazine 'Which?'.

'Scrap VRT', EU to tell member states

7 September 2002: The European Commission says it wants member states to phase out vehicle registration taxes in the interest of consumers. The commission says the imposition of such taxes causes distortions and double taxation.

Celica revitalised for showing at Paris

6 September 2002: Visitors to this year's Paris Motor Show will see an upgraded Toyota Celica with enhanced new qualities in other areas, like safety and perceived quality.

FAI gets Fiat/Alfa vehicle sponsorship

6 September 2002: Fiat Auto Ireland has become the official vehicle sponsor of the Football Association of Ireland and will supply Doblo Cargo vans for the Association’s Regional Development Officers and Alfa Romeos for key personnel. Mick McCarthy (pictured above with Fiat Ireland MD Michael Howe), Irish team manager, will drive an Alfa Romeo 166

100,000th E-Class sets M-B record

6 September 2002: Mercedes-Benz has created a new production record with the building of the 100,000th Series W 211 Mercedes-Benz E-Class vehicle just six months after rolling out job Number One.

Beware drivers with cataracts ...

6 September 2002: Older drivers with cataracts are twice as likely to have crashes than their peers who elect to have surgery to deal with cataracts, according to research conducted at the University of Alabama in the US.

Pedal adjusters could save lives - lawsuit claim

6 September 2002: A lawsuit against Ford in Kentucky says the company should have included adjustable pedals as standard in a 1997 car, to avoid shorter people being damaged by airbags.

Citroen's flexible Pluriel for Ireland in 2003

5 September 2002: Citroen will debut the C3 Pluriel at the 2002 Paris Motor Show at the end of this month, a car which can morph from a four-seater saloon into several other configurations. The car will go on sale in Ireland in 2003.

NI safety roadshow coming to Dublin

5 September 2002: The National Safety Council in conjunction with AXA Insurance and the Police Service of Northern Ireland are bringing a 'Roadsafe Roadshow' to Dublin, to highlight to young adults what actually happens in a road crash situation.

Parking collisions the biggest driving fault

5 September 2002: The biggest driving fault is low speed collisions whilst parking and maneuvering, according to UK-based safety and risk management specialist Peak Performance Management . The company has compiled a league table of the Top Ten driving faults in the UK, based upon real life experience with hundreds of corporate clients over the last 13 years.

New bill would encourage diesel cars in US

5 September 2002: America may yet come to love the diesel car, if a Michigan politician has his way. Hohn Dingell, a member of the US House of Representatives, plans to introduce a bill that would encourage the sale of oil-burner cars in America.

Streetka on sale next year

4 September 2002: Ford’s long-promised Streetka roadster is to go on sale next spring. The car, which was a hit in concept form at the 2000 Turin Motor Show, is a modern intepretation of traditional 2-seater classics like the MG Midget.

First details of new Toyota Land Cruiser

4 September 2002: Toyota has revealed first details and pictures of the new Toyota Land Cruiser that will receive its world premier at the Paris Mondial de l'Automobile in September.

Powerful Mazda6 concept for Paris

4 September 2002: A concept car based on the Mazda6 - the MPS - to be shown at the Paris Show at the end of this month is powered by a 280ps version of the 2.3-litre engine powering the high end of the current car.

Next Alfa GTV may be a GM-based wower

4 September 2002: This is an artist's impressions of the next Alfa Romeo GTV model.

Merc GST for production in 2004

4 September 2002: The Mercedes-Benz GST which was first shown as a concept car in Detroit last January will become a reality in 2004, and will be built in the USA.

Jaguar F1 team's fate in balance

4 September 2002: Ford bosses are believed to be deciding this week whether they’ll continue to support their Jaguar team in F1. The team has failed in three years to make a serious impression in the competition.

SEAT Cordoba for Paris unveiling

3 September 2002: This is the first public pictures of the new SEAT Cordoba, which will be unveiled at the Paris Motor Show. It follws the same excellent styling themes of the latest Ibiza, and will go on sale next year.

Full range of Mazda6 now available in Ireland

3 September 2002: The Irish franchisees for Mazda expect to sell up to 3,000 units of their new 6 series car in a full year, depending on how the overall Irish car market performs next year.

Increased sales projections for Vectra

3 September 2002: Opel has introduced extra shifts to cut waiting times for its new Vectra, due to strong demand for the car.

Cat saves more than 11,000 lives

3 September 2002: The introduction of the catalytic convertor to reduce polluting emissions from cars has also had a startling and positive effect on the number of deaths of US motorists from carbon monoxide poisoning.

Last Crewe-built Rolls rolled out

3 September 2002: The last ever Crewe-built Rolls-Royce has now rolled off the production line at the Crewe factory that has been the home to Rolls-Royce and Bentley Motor Cars since 1946. Rolls-Royce and Bentley Motor Cars has confirmed that this historically significant car will remain the property of the Crewe factory.

French motorloans better value than Irish

3 September 2002: Despite the so-called 'single market' Irish motorists are being robbed blind by Irish finance houses when it comes to loans for cars, compared to their European cousins.

Toyota, Nissan, to cooperate on hybrids

2 September 2002: Toyota and Nissan have concluded an agreement on cooperation in the development of hybrid systems. The agreement has a term of 10 years and perhaps longer.

Schoolgoers safety plea

2 September 2002: The National Safety Council is appealing to motorists this week to 'expect the unexpected' as over 800,000 children return to school after the summer break.

Renault concept soothes road rage tendencies

2 September 2002: Renault's latest concept car, Ellypse, showcases a number of proposals to make the company’s cars more environmentally friendly, easier to use, and also has a subtle aim of reducing road rage.

Smart Roadster smartens up citycar image

2 September 2002: DaimlerChrysler has released details of the Smart Roadster which it will launch next April. It will change the whole public perception of the Smart car range.

Ford drops electric car division

2 September 2002: Ford is to drop its Think electric vehicle division and concentrate instead on developing fuel cell and hybrid gasoline-electric vehicles to meet environmental regulations for cars and trucks. The decision is due to poor customer demand and lack of government support for the environmentally friendly cars.

Research into risk-taking by young people

2 September 2002: A study of almost 4,000 adolescents and young adults in Norway is providing sociologists concerned about the problem of young drivers being involved in more accidents with a new ‘tool’ to measure risk-taking attitudes amongst the age group.